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CHAPTER 14 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING WORDPRESS 393 Figure 14-11. Discussion Options page Pingbacks,TrackBacks, and Comments The first setting on the Discussion Options page, Attempt to notify any Weblogs linked to from the article (slows down posting), specifies that when you post a story that contains links, WordPress will attempt to send a Pingback message to each of those links. It uses a little discrimination in that it pings only links it thinks are permalinks. Links that are only to domains (such as http://www.google.comor http://amazon.co.uk) are not pinged. The reasoning is that it only makes sense to Pingback a specific story, and a link to a web site homepage is not likely
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392 CHAPTER 14 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING WORDPRESS to set the times for the blog posting to your local time, by putting a positive or negative number in this box. If UTC is showing 9:30 p.m. and it is 1:30 p.m. on your wristwatch, then set this to 8, for eight hours behind. If you don t like the default date and time display, click the link provided to read the documentation on PHP s date() function. For example, if you want to display the date as June 17, 2005, set the field to F j, Y. Finally, the last item on the General Options page allows you to set on what day of the week your calendar should begin. Note The calendar is not displayed when you use the Default theme, but does appear when you use the Classic theme. I ll cover how to switch themes in Chapter 16. Configuring Discussion Options When you click the Discussion tab on the Options page, you will see a set of options related to the various discussions that can take place around your blog, as shown in Figure 14-11. The important settings on this page allow you to prevent comment spam from appearing on your blog. I ll cover comment spam in the next section and focus on the other discussion settings here.
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CHAPTER 14 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING WORDPRESS 391 Figure 14-10. General Options page Here, you can see the blog title you entered when you ran the install script, as well as the blog tag line, which is like the tag line you find under a newspaper masthead. Change the default to something appropriate for your blog. Don t worry if you can t think of something witty or impressive just now. You can always change it later. You generally don t need to change the WordPress address and Blog address fields unless you are doing something unusual with the location of WordPress s files. Your e-mail address appears as the one you entered when you installed WordPress. If you need to change it, you can. The next two options are about membership of your blog. If you want to run your blog as a community site, you might consider enabling these two options. The Anyone can register option causes a link to a registration form to appear on your main page. This allows new users to register themselves. By default, these newly registered users won t be able to post new stories. You need to promote them first, as described in Chapter 15. The date and time options are self-explanatory. The software usually gets the time right based on your server s setting. You can use the setting Times in the weblog should differ by
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390 CHAPTER 14 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING WORDPRESS Figure 14-9. Editing your user profile Configuring WordPress WordPress offers many options and features that you can control through its Options page. These range from general settings for blog membership to important methods for preventing comment spam. Setting General Options I ll take you through the basic configuration of your blog next. To start, click the Options tab near the top of the page. You can see that you are editing General Options, as shown in Figure 14-10. Within the options system, you can always check the top of the page to see where you are. The current subtab will be highlighted, and the title of the page will tell you which options you are editing.
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CHAPTER 14 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING WORDPRESS 389 The Dashboard has several main areas. At the top of the page is the name of your blog and a link to view the web site. Resist clicking that just yet; let me take you through the rest of the page first. Below your blog title is the main menu bar. This contains links to all the main areas of the blog administration interface. Below that is the main part of the Dashboard page. On the left, taking up a sizable portion of the page, are the three most recent posts from the WordPress development blog. Here, you will see news of any new versions of WordPress, news of security fixes, and so on. Below that are links to other stories from around the WordPress world. On the right side of the page is a Latest Activity panel. This panel lists the last few posts and the last few comments from your blog. Right now, you will have only one of each, which the install script created for you. Below that you will see some blog statistics: number of posts, comments, and categories. Changing the Admin Password The first thing to do with your newly installed blog is to change the admin password to something you will remember. Click the Users tab across the top of the page. You ll see a form with space to enter a lot of personal details about yourself, as shown in Figure 14-9. Near the bottom are the fields to enter a new password. You need to enter the password twice. This is to check that you didn t mistype it. You can go ahead and enter your other details while you are on the page. By default, none of these details other than your nickname and web address are ever visible on your blog. When you have finished entering all your details click Update Profile to save your changes. Now you re ready to configure WordPress.
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388 CHAPTER 14 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING WORDPRESS Figure 14-7. The WordPress login screen Introducing the Dashboard You should now see the WordPress Dashboard, as shown in Figure 14-8. This is the page that greets you every time you log in to your blog.
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CHAPTER 14 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING WORDPRESS 387 Figure 14-5. The first screen of the WordPress install script Figure 14-6. Install step 1 Logging In Now, click the link to wp-login.php. You will see the standard WordPress login screen. Enter the username of admin and the password from the previous page, as shown in Figure 14-7. Then click the Login button.
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386 CHAPTER 14 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING WORDPRESS Table 14-1. File and Folder Permissions File/Folder Mode .htaccess 666 wp-content/themes/classic/* 666 wp-content/themes/default/* 666 wp-content/themes/default/images* 666 wp-content 777 wp-content/plugins 777 wp-content/themes 777 wp-content/themes/default 777 wp-content/themes/default/images 777 wp-content/themes/classic 777 These changes will allow you to edit the themes that come with WordPress and to install new themes and plug-ins later. Next, you ll finish installing WordPress. Running the Install Script You are now ready to install WordPress on your server. You have created a database, given permissions to your database user, uploaded the WordPress files, created a couple of new files, and set permissions appropriately. Although reading through these instructions, it seems like a lot of work, if you are already familiar with these tasks, this whole process really does take only five minutes! Have heart, you are nearly there. Go to your web browser and type the following address into the address bar (assuming you installed in the blog directory): http://yourdomain/blog/wp-admin/install.php This will load the WordPress install script, as shown in Figure 14-5. Click First Step, and you will be prompted for the title of your weblog and an e-mail address. As shown in Figure 14-6, type in a suitable name Wendy s Weblog, Tuxedo News, or whatever you want to call it. Don t worry you can change the title later. Make sure the e-mail address you enter is valid. Your administrator (admin) password will be sent to it. Click the Continue to Second Step button to move to the next step. Next, you will see a progress screen as the install script creates your database tables for you. In practice, it is so fast that all you will see is the Finished! message. You will see instructions for logging in to your new blog. Make a careful note of the password. For security reasons, it is a randomly generated one. Tip When I m setting up a new WordPress blog, I select the password with my mouse and copy it to the clipboard (by pressing Ctrl+C). Then I can simply paste it into the login form.
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CHAPTER 14 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING WORDPRESS 385 Figure 14-4. Uploading WordPress files to the web server Setting File Permissions Before you put away the FTP program, you need to check your permissions on certain files and directories. By default, files you upload to your server and directories you create on it are owned by you, or rather your account on the server. This is correct and as you might expect. However, the web server, Apache, usually runs as a different user, often apache, httpd, or nobody. This means that software running under Apache in this case, WordPress doesn t normally have permissions to modify or delete files, nor to create new ones. To fix this, you need to change the permissions of some of the WordPress files. You will most likely need to give full access to those files. You will also need to give write access to a couple of folders, so that WordPress can create new files. Depending on your FTP software, you will either need to set the file permissions to a numeric value such as 666 or 777, or check the R (read), W (write), or X (eXecute) permissions for U (user or owner), G (group), and O (other). The numeric value 666 represents read and write permissions for user, group, and other. The 777 value represents read, write, and execute permissions for user, group, and other. Table 14-1 shows which files and folders need their permissions set and what type of permissions should be applied. Note that a folder name with an asterisk following it signifies that all the files in that folder need their permissions adjusted.
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384 CHAPTER 14 INSTALLING AND CONFIGURING WORDPRESS $table_prefix = ‘wp_’; // example: ‘wp_’ or ‘b2′ or ‘mylogin_’ to this: $table_prefix = ‘example_’; // example: ‘wp_’ or ‘b2′ or ‘mylogin_’ Now save the changes made in wp-config.php file. Note You need to change the prefix setting in wp-config.php only if your WordPress installation is going to be sharing a database with another installation. If some other software is using the database, you don t need to change this setting, as WordPress and the other program should not have conflicting table names. Next, create a brand-new file called dothtaccess.txtin the same folder as wp-config.php. It should be an empty file, but if you re using Notepad, it won t let you create an empty file! Simply press Enter a couple of times to get around this restriction. You can create the file in Windows Explorer if you wish. Simply right-click, choose New . Text Document, and name it dothtaccess.txt. Transferring the Files You are now ready to transfer the files onto your server. Using your FTP software, upload all the WordPress files to you web server, storing them in the folder you decided on earlier, as shown in Figure 14-4. This folder will be the one your hosting company told you is the place to put your web pages or a subfolder. You may need to create the folder first, if it does not already exist. Next, on the server, rename the dothtaccess.txt file you uploaded to .htaccess a leading period (or full stop), followed by the name htaccess with no extension. This is a special file that will be used later to give some special instructions to the Apache web server software.
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